Cholesterol hmoov

Cov roj (cholesterol) yog cov tshuaj sterol uas muaj nyob hauv cov tsiaj, nrog rau cov tshuaj formula C₂₇H₄₆O. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov cell membranes thiab tseem koom nrog hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj hormones thiab vitamin D. Cov roj (cholesterol) yog ib qho sterol compound, thiab nws cov molecule muaj ib pab pawg hydroxyl (-OH), plaub lub voj voog carbon skeletons thiab ib sab saw. Nws cov khoom siv hydrophobic thiab amphipathic tso cai rau nws nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm tes, tswj cov kua dej ntawm daim nyias nyias thiab ruaj khov. Cov roj (cholesterol) yog lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov kua tsib acids, steroid hormones (xws li poj niam txiv neej hormones, cortisol) thiab vitamin D, thiab tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov paj hlwb myelin sheath.

1. Pharmaceutical teb

Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov tshuaj nruab nrab los tsim cov tshuaj steroid hormones. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua tus stabilizer rau liposomes thiab nanoparticle cov neeg nqa tshuaj. Ntxiv nrog rau liposomes, cov roj cholesterol derivatives kuj tau siv dav los tsim cov tshuab xa khoom tshiab xws li polymer nanoparticles thiab lipid nanoparticles.

2. Khoom noj khoom haus thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce

Hauv kev ua zaub mov, piv txwv li, hauv qee cov qauv tshwj xeeb (xws li cov mis mos, cov qauv rau kev kho mob tshwj xeeb), cov roj (cholesterol) tau ntxiv rau hauv micronutrient vim nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov cell membranes thiab paj hlwb myelination, thiab tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov me nyuam mos thiab cov me nyuam yaus. Tau kawg, nws cov nyiaj ntxiv yog txwv los ntawm cov qauv hauv tebchaws nruj kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb.

Hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, nws tau ntxiv rau cov khoom tu tawv nqaij (xws li moisturizing cream, kho cov mis nyuj), thiab feem ntau ntxiv rau cov khoom tu tawv nqaij ua ke nrog ceramide thiab cov roj dawb.

3. Kev tshawb fawb lub hom phiaj

Siv rau cell membrane kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tshawb fawb txog kab mob (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog atherosclerosis).

Cov roj (cholesterol) ntau dua li "rog". Nws tsis yog tsuas yog lub hauv paus tsev thaiv ntawm lub neej, tab sis kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb raw khoom rau niaj hnub kws tshuaj thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce kev lag luam. Nws kuj yog ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev tshawb nrhiav qhov paub tsis meej ntawm lub neej thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov kab mob.

1. Kho cov tawv nqaij puas, xauv hauv cov dej noo thiab txo qhov mob.

Yuav ua li cas kom tiav?

1) Ncaj qha sau thiab kho cov qauv: Hauv stratum corneum, txheej txheej sab nraud ntawm daim tawv nqaij, cov roj cholesterol, ceramide thiab cov fatty acids dawb tsim ib qho "lipid sandwich" nyob rau hauv ib qho piv txwv, uas yog lub cev tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob poob dej. Thaum cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij raug cuam tshuam (xws li hauv atopic dermatitis), cov roj cholesterol tuaj yeem ncaj qha ntxiv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb no thiab rov ua kom muaj kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov qauv lipid, yog li txo qis dej transepidermal thiab kho cov tawv nqaij homeostasis.

2) Tswj cov dej ntws thiab txhawb kev loj hlob: Tom qab cov roj cholesterol nkag mus rau hauv cov cell membrane, nws tuaj yeem ua rau nws yooj yim dua thiab fluidity. Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua kom adhesion thiab proliferation ntawm daim tawv nqaij keratinocytes thiab accelerates daim tawv nqaij cov txheej txheem kho.

3) Ua kom cov tshuaj hormones thiab inhibit qhov mob: Cov kev tshawb fawb tshiab tau pom tias cov roj (cholesterol) tseem tuaj yeem txhawb kev tsim cov tshuaj cortisol hauv daim tawv nqaij los ntawm kev tswj hwm cov haujlwm ntawm cov enzyme hu ua 11 -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 hauv daim tawv nqaij. Qhov no "tawv nqaij- tsim" cov tshuaj hormones tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev ua xua hauv zos, yog li txo cov teeb meem ntawm daim tawv nqaij xws li atopic dermatitis.

2. Raws li cov khoom pib, nws tuaj yeem hloov mus rau ntau yam tshuaj steroid hormone zoo thiab tus nqi qis.

Yuav ua li cas kom tiav?

1) Cov qauv hauv paus thiab biotransformation: Cov roj (cholesterol) muaj lub cev pob txha ntawm cov tshuaj steroid hormones - cyclopentanepolyhydrophenanthrene. Hauv kev lag luam, cov kws tshawb fawb siv cov kab mob sib txuas ua ke (xws li hloov kho Mycobacterium smegmatis lossis cov poov xab) los ua cov roj cholesterol. Los ntawm kev qhia cov noob xws li hydroxylases tshwj xeeb, cov hlua ntawm cov roj cholesterol tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm thiab hloov kho hauv ib lossis ntau cov kauj ruam, thiab raug hloov mus rau qib siab -tus nqi tshuaj intermediates, xws li 11 -hydroxyandrostenedione (siv nyob rau hauv cov synthesis ntawm contraceptives thiab glucocorticoids) (6} cov tshuaj tseem ceeb).

2) Kev hloov kho thiab tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke: Cov roj (cholesterol) nws tus kheej kuj tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha los ua qhov pib ntawm cov tshuaj synthesis. Pharmaceutical chemists siv nws lub hauv paus peb- cov qauv qauv thiab qhov chaw tshuaj tiv thaiv los hloov nws cov molecules los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab thaum kawg ua ke cov tshuaj steroid complex, xws li prednisone.

3. Txhim kho qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov neeg nqa tshuaj thiab ua kom nws lub sijhawm ncig hauv cov ntshav.

Yuav ua li cas kom tiav?

1) Kho cov khoom siv membrane thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob tawm: Hauv cov khoom siv nanomedicine (xws li liposomes), cov roj cholesterol ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm "fluidity buffer". Thaum cov phospholipid bilayer nyob rau ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, cov roj (cholesterol) tuaj yeem ua rau nws cov rigidity thiab tiv thaiv cov ntsiab lus (tshuaj yeeb) los ntawm kev xau; Thaum qhov kub thiab txias qis dua, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv daim nyias nyias los ntawm crystallization ntau dhau thiab fragmentation. Qhov kev tswj hwm no ua kom cov tshuaj nruj nruj ua ntej mus txog qhov mob.

2) Txhim kho qhov chaw kom dim kev tshem tawm: Hauv qee qhov kev tsim cov cab kuj nyuaj, cov roj cholesterol txuas nrog polyethylene glycol los ua DSPE-PEG- cov roj cholesterol complex. Xws li tus qauv tsim tsis tsuas yog txhim kho cov lipid daim nyias nyias, tab sis kuj tseem polyethylene glycol saw tuaj yeem tsim muaj hydrophilic barrier rau saum npoo ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom, kom tsis txhob muaj "kev yos hav zoov" ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev (mononuclear phagocytosis system), yog li ua tiav txoj kev mus ntev thiab kev siv tshuaj tsis zoo.

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